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UN SCHEMES ON HUMAN RIGHTS

-By HIMANI CHAUDHARY

The UN General Assembly has laid out several schemes that aim to promote and protect human rights globally, and states that ratify these treaties are expected to comply with their provisions.

The United Nations has several human rights schemes, including:

Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR)

The OHCHR was founded in 1993 and works to defend and uphold human rights all over the world. It guarantees the observance and upholding of the fundamentals of international human rights. It gives technical support and assistance to the governments and civil society groups. It also carries out research, creates reports and recommendations on human rights-related topics, and works to stop the violation of those rights.

Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)

The UDHR, which went into effect in 1948, outlines the fundamental liberties and rights that every person is entitled to, irrespective of their race, gender, religion, or other status. It includes economic, social, and cultural rights as well as civil and political rights. It offers a foundation for the protection of human rights and dignity all around the world and acts as a shared standard of humanity.

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR)

The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) is a multinational treaty adopted in 1966 that outlines particular civil and political rights that are thought to be necessary for the preservation of human dignity and the advancement of people and society. The right to life, freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, and the right to a fair trial are some of the rights covered under the ICCPR.

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International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR)

A multinational treaty known as the ICESCR was adopted in 1966 that lays out particular economic, social, and cultural rights. Some of them are right to work, the right to social security, the right to health, and the right to a living wage

Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC)

A multinational treaty known as CRC was adopted in 1989. It lays out the precise rights that children are entitled to, as well as a framework for defending and advancing those rights. Some of its rights are the right to life, the right to an education, the right to be safe from abuse and exploitation, and the right to have a say in decisions that affect children.

OPINION PIECE ON IMPLEMENTATION OF UDHR

As we know, that Universal declaration of human rights (UDHR) is a document that highlights the basic human rights entitled to the people. The main agenda of the UDHR is to make the world a better place by providing equal rights to the people and creating world peace. But still the world is not even near to being a better place as these set of rights under UDHR is not in access to the people in many parts of the world. Since, the UDHR is an instrument with no jurisdiction in a country’s government, it is optional to enforce or sign it. And so, there are many countries where these rights are getting violated, and there is no legal action made towards them. Unfortunately, UDHR doesn’t have the legal authority to make the countries enforce the UDHR into their ministry of law. So, being non-compulsory to follow, these rights are getting violated internationally. Example, there is no freedom to speech in Vietnam and a high number of cases of child trafficking in Africa. Also, there are many cultures that some articles in UDHR go against, so they also refuse to abide with UDHR. In conclusion, UDHR can only be successful at its aim of making word a better place if the world governments and similar bodies agree to enforce it into their law. So, though UDHR has high hopes in enhancing the world, but not getting followed in so many parts of the world, many people still can’t get access to the rights they deserved.